1,2 Robot, taken from the Czech robota, meaning forced labor, has evolved in meaning from dumb machines that perform menial, repetitive tasks to the highly intelligent anthropomorphic robots of popular culture. Since 1921 when Czech playwright Karel Capek introduced the notion and coined the term robot in his play Rossom’s Universal Robots, robots have taken on increasingly more importance both in imagination and reality. It is our hope that by the end of this article the reader will be able to make a more informed decision about robotic surgery before “chasing the market.”īACKGROUND AND HISTORY OF SURGICAL ROBOTS In this article we discuss the development and evolution of robotic surgery, review current robotic systems, review the current data, discuss the current role of robotics in surgery, and finally we discuss the possible roles of robotic surgery in the future. Our goal in writing this review is to provide an objective evaluation of this technology and to touch on some of the subjects that manufacturers of robots do not readily disclose. Whether or not robotic devices will grow into a more practical role remains to be seen. Therefore, robotic devices seem to have more of a marketing role than a practical role. In addition, surgical robots have become the entry fee for centers wanting to be known for excellence in minimally invasive surgery despite the current lack of practical applications.
Up to this point, however, the race to acquire and incorporate this emerging technology has primarily been driven by the market. Robotic surgery is a new and exciting emerging technology that is taking the surgical profession by storm.
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